The student learns to combine scientific/technical knowledge, social scientific knowledge, and/or a normative framework for assessing and responding to risk, to create a clinical protocol for using a physiological model.

• The student can read and write clinical protocols in a way that allows them to contribute actively to writing such protocols.
• The student brings different areas of knowledge to bear on the clinical protocol: knowledge of modelling for a clinical context, knowledge of technology acceptance in a clinical setting, knowledge of norms for translational research, including norms of clinical medical ethics and norms for risk and uncertainty such as the Principle of Equipoise. In some cases students will also apply knowledge of statistics to determine the appropriate size of a clinical study.